This paper provides the first quantitative economic models of pharmacy benefit management regulation. The price … "rebate traps." Applicable types of regulation include rebate rules, such as the HHS rebate rule and the Insulin Act …

This paper provides the first quantitative economic models of pharmacy benefit management regulation. The price … “rebate traps.” Applicable types of regulation include rebate rules, such as the HHS rebate rule and the Insulin Act …

The paper aims at empirically investigating the relationship between regulation and the capital structure of the … as a response to previous physical capital investment with an ultimate goal of inducing higher rates. Theoretical models …) and gross investment (INV) in physical capital. The evidence accruing from a dynamic panel data estimation indicates an …

This paper examines the investment and financial decisions of a sample of 92 EU regulated utilities, taking into … account key institutional features of EU public utilities, such as: a) regulation by agencies with various degrees of … independence matters for both investment and financial decisions. Investment increases under an Independent Regulatory Agency (IRA …

carriers and 3G coverage investment to quantify the impact of a compatible network. Using counterfactual experiments, I find …

limited by regulation largely to retail deposits and mortgages. Graphic television news pictures showed very long queues …

limited by regulation largely to retail deposits and mortgages. Graphic television news pictures showed very long queues … of regulation and supervision and in particular on the role of the central bank. He sets the context by explaining that …, at the time reforms were made in the United Kingdom to the institutional structure of financial regulation and …

limited by regulation largely to retail deposits and mortgages. Graphic television news pictures showed very long queues …

of the reduced return on investment. If policymakers want to implement policies to encourage further broadband … penetration, they should instead remove current barriers to entry and impediments to investment. Specifically, continued franchise … reallocated in order to spur broadband investment. In light of the lack of evidence of failure in the broadband market …