This paper describes and analyses the evolution of euro area currency in circulation in the last years and especially in the run up to the cash change-over. In particular, it revisits the possible effect of the latter on the euro/dollar-exchange rate, which has been emphasised recently in the...

Contrary to popular belief, the history of central banking begins much earlier than 1800. Many current issues of central bank policy can be traced back to the public giro banks of the 15th century, and have been discussed in numerous essays at least since the 17th century. Are the same debates...