We go beyond estimating the effect of college attainment on longevity by uncovering the mechanisms behind this effect … longevity is well explained by observed mechanisms. Furthermore, we find that for women, the positive effect of education on … longevity has been historically masked by the negative effect of education on marriage. An adjustment for the relationship …

the international comparisons, the price formation of the food chain, degree of concentration, competition, and the …, competition works in Finland just as well in agriculture, the foodstuffs industry and the wholesale and retail trade as it does in … the food. -- Foodstuff prices ; food chain ; agriculture ; foodstuff industry ; retail and wholesale trade ; competition …

-exchange agreements using clearinghouses like Agri Stats, Inc. lessen competition and offend United States antitrust law, a more general …

This paper investigates the effects of competition outcomes on health by using U.S. Olympic medalist lifespans and …) dissatisfactory competition outcomes may adversely affect health. Competition outcomes that affect socioeconomic status (SES) could …

multimarket contact generates mutual forbearance in frequency competition, finding no evidence for such an effect. -- airlines …

This study investigates the relationship between product market competition and the market value of innovation using … between competition and the value of innovation. Furthermore, we show that there is an "asymmetric" causal effect of … intensifying product market competition on the market value of innovation, using a quasi-natural experiment based on tariff …

competitive practices. I study competition in this market by analyzing how lenders target and acquire new customers using direct …-mail, their principal acquisition channel. I find competition greatly impacts a lender’s profits. Average annual profit is 31 …%-53% ($73-$185 million) lower compared to a monopoly counterfactual. Competition also considerably reduces additional profits …

cohort-based sex differences in longevity. Following previous work, we find a longevity reversal in the mid-19th century that … longevity advantage for the whole century. Unlike most mortality databases of this period, genealogical data allows analysis of … spatial patterns and of the impacts of fertility on longevity. Our results suggest very limited evidence of spatial (state …