This study revisits the issue of REITs market efficiency for the US having discovered two notable gaps. Noting the complexities, structural changes and nonlinearities in modern financial markets, we employ the fractional integration technique which performs better than other commonly used...

In this paper, long memory behavior of the energy consumption by source of the United States has been examined using the fractional integration technique for the three conventional cases of no regressors, an intercept, and an intercept and a linear trend. In addition, this study extends majority...

This paper analyses US nominal house prices at an annual frequency over the period from 1927 to 2022 by means of a very general time series model. This includes both a (linear and non-linear) deterministic and a stochastic component, with the latter allowing for fractional orders of integration...