Crowd-funded markets have recently emerged as a novel source of capital for entrepreneurs. As the economic potential of these markets is now being realized, they are beginning to go mainstream, a trend reflected by the explicit attention crowdfunding has received in the American Jobs Act as a...

This paper analyzes factors that shape the technological capabilities of individual U.S. states and European countries, which are arguably comparable policy units. The analysis demonstrates convergence in technological capabilities from 2000 to 2007. The results indicate that social...

This paper looks at the genesis of innovation in the United States from a territorial perspective. The analysis aims to disentangle the impact of local R&D expenditure from other contextual conditions supportive of the process of innovation. Particular emphasis is devoted to the role of...

Based on the World Input-Output Matrix 2016 estimated by Timmer et al. (2016), the Hypothetical Extraction Method is applied in a multi-country context to estimate Mexico's gross output and value added linked to the economic activity of the United States; and then the gross output and value...

The United States and European Union differ significantly in terms of their innovative capacity: the former have been able to gain and maintain world leadership in innovation and technology while the latter continues to lag. Notwithstanding the magnitude of this innovation gap and the political...

This paper analyses the determinants of growth of American cities, understood as growth of the population or of per capita income, from 1990 to 2000. This empirical analysis uses data from all cities with more than 25,000 inhabitants in the year 2000 (1154 cities). The results show that while a...

The urban development of the twentieth century can be characterized by rise of the metropolitanization process. However, especially since 1950, it has been producing a real change of scale in this growth: the infinite growth of metropolitan peripheries, encouraged by the process of urban sprawl,...

Using a newly assembled dataset of U.S. patents, we show that overall innovation activity is less concentrated in high-density urban areas than commonly believed, but inventions based on atypical combinations of knowledge are indeed more prevalent in high-density cities. To interpret this...

This paper introduces a model which identifies the economic activity of each local economy (location) and observes the time distance between each pair of locations as well as the average time distance between sub locations in each local economy. The study focuses on five categories of firms:...

Based on the World Input-Output Matrix 2016 estimated by Timmer et al. (2016), the Hypothetical Extraction Method is applied in a multi-country context to estimate Mexico's gross output and value added linked to the economic activity of the United States; and then the gross output and value...