We examine the differential effects of family disadvantage on the education and adult labor market outcomes of men and … parental education and family structure during childhood to male-female and brother-sister differences in teenage outcomes …'s education, which has not been examined in previous studies, is particularly important for sons. However, we find a very …

, including maternal education, behaviors, and participation in social programs. In turn, endowments at birth are predictive of … provide new evidence on this question, showing that children born to less educated and minority mothers are more likely to be …

documenting three facts using population tax records for children born in the 1980s. First, gender gaps in employment rates … gap in employment rates is reversed for children growing up in poor families: boys in families in the bottom quintile of … and commuting zones in which children grow up. The degree of variation in outcomes across places is largest for boys …