Banks have progressively evolved from being standalone institutions to being subsidiaries of increasingly complex financial conglomerates. We conjecture and provide evidence that the organizational complexity of the family of a bank is a fundamental driver of the business model of the bank...

In the past decades, the notion of differentiated subsidiary roles within multinational network corporations has inspired a considerable amount of research. Surprisingly, the question of whether headquarters and subsidiary managers perceive a certain subsidiary’s role in the same way has been...