This paper examines the role of peer effects in smoking behavior using data of middle and high school students in the … smokings. A Markov process model of smoking interactions between individuals is presented, under the assumption that such … determined by the Markov process . The empirical results strongly support the presence of positive peer effects in smoking …

, CABG, are more likely to improve their behavior - eating, exercise, smoking, and drinking - in a way that increases … behavior: smoking. We find that CABG patients are 12 percentage points more likely to quit smoking in the one-year period …