: the reciprocal of the terms of trade. Cast this way, a change in the terms of trade acts as a productivity shock. Or does … then generalizing, we show that changes in the terms of trade have no first-order effect on productivity when output is …

This paper studies whether NAFTA contributed to the productivity convergence between Mexico and the US. Using data from … productivity and estimation methods, it shows that the productivity gap increased and converged to a higher gap level. Moreover, it … the previous literature. The paper also finds that under NAFTA the industries which have smaller initial productivity gap …

This paper estimates agglomeration benefits based on city productivity differentials across five OECD countries … (Germany, Mexico, Spain, United Kingdom, and United States). It highlights the relationship between cities’ governmental … fragmentation and productivity, and represents the first empirical analysis of how metropolitan governance structures affect this …