and posted liquidity. Our findings moreover suggest that large hidden orders are associated with larger transaction costs …, higher price impact and increased volatility. In particular, as large hidden orders fail to attract (latent) liquidity to the … market, hidden liquidity provision gives rise to negative liquidity externalities. -- Hidden Liquidity ; Pretrade …

affect the aggressiveness of 'dark' liquidity supply and thus the 'hidden spread'. Our evidence suggests that traders balance … hidden order placements to (i) compete for the provision of (hidden) liquidity and (ii) protect themselves against adverse … show that hidden liquidity locations are predictable given the observable state of the market. -- Limit Order Market …

with naked short selling. However, naked shorting can also have beneficial effects for liquidity and pricing efficiency. We … find that the ban did not slow the price decline of those securities and had a negative impact on liquidity and pricing …

a mechanism for discovering dark liquidity. We quantify its role in the price formation process in a model of the … dynamics of price and segmented order flow induced by the protocol. We find that the dark liquidity pool generally contains … liquidity providers to guard against adverse price movements than as a channel to hide private information. …