The study investigates the impact of financial distress (credit spread) and liquidity crises (TED spread) on size … premiums are associated with higher risk. The study then employs Auto-regressive distributed lag and Error Correction Modeling … to establish the long/short-run impact of financial distress and liquidity crisis on these premiums during recessionary …

long time. -- liquidity trap ; financial crisis ; rare disasters ; equity capital ; leverage ; bankruptcy risk …This paper explains the emergence of liquidity traps in the aftermath of large-scale financial crises, as happened in … equity capital to the risk-free interest rate. When equity capital falls, bankruptcy risks rise. Firms become more vulnerable …

idiosyncratic risk than a comparable U.S. firm. Country characteristics help explain variation in the level of idiosyncratic risk …, but less so than firm characteristics. Idiosyncratic risk falls as government stability and respect for the rule of law … improve. Idiosyncratic risk is positively related to stock market development but negatively related to bond market …

idiosyncratic risk than a comparable U.S. firm. Country characteristics help explain variation in the level of idiosyncratic risk …, but less so than firm characteristics. Idiosyncratic risk falls as government stability and respect for the rule of law … improve. Idiosyncratic risk is positively related to stock market development but negatively related to bond market …

investing within the well-known risk-return paradigm. From the viewpoint of ex-ante equity risk premium (ERP), the five factor …-related systematic risk, ii) the exposure to ESG-related systematic risk is significantly priced in the market, and iii) equity funds …