to the 'early' industrializing countries of the nineteenth and early twentieth century. It shows that women are far more … greater equality is rooted in educational opportunities; and argues that both educational provision, and women's entry into … developing economies. -- elites ; higher education ; women ; development ; economic history ; families …

from conception to childhood - affect a child's health trajectory in the long-term. By the 21st century, a wide body of … research had emerged, incorporating the original "Fetal Origins Hypothesis" into the "Developmental Origins of Health and … Disease". Evidence from OECD countries suggests that health inequalities are strongly correlated with many dimensions of socio …

The opioid crisis generates broader societal harms beyond direct health and economic effects, impacting non … aimed at reducing the over-prescribing of opioids on women's wellbeing by examining its effects on intimate partner violence … generated a downstream benefit for women by significantly reducing their overall exposure to IPV and IPV-involved injuries by 9 …

. Second, leave entitlements less than one year in length can improve job continuity for women and increase their employment … rates several years after childbirth; longer leaves can negatively influence women's earnings, employment, and career …

-cohorts of white women who entered the age of 34-36 years old being childless before the crisis, in 2004, and at the onset of the … crisis, in 2007. Our identification strategy relies on the assumption that these two adjacent cohorts of women differ only … many childless women aged 34-36 had a child when they were 37-39, between the years 2004 and 2007 for the control group and …

schooling causes women to have fewer children and delay childbearing, though not to the extent that interpreting cross … the effect of women’s schooling on completed fertility is not mediated through husband’s schooling but rather through age …

higher marriage rates for women and lower for men. Land abundance favored higher fertility. The demands of childcare … opportunities outside the home. Frontier women were less likely to report "gainful employment," but among those who did, relatively … more had high-status occupations. Together, these findings integrate contrasting narratives about frontier women …

We investigate women's fertility, labor and marriage market responses to a health innovation that led to reductions in … allow women to start fertility later and invest more in the labor market. We present a new theory of fertility that …