This paper explores the role of restrictions on the use of international reserves as economic sanctions. We develop a …

A close reading of Russia’s nuclear statements and actions during the first seven months of its war against Ukraine … sanctions against Russia; and incremental nuclear coercion against Kyiv that spurred Western deterrence messaging in response … prevent foreign military intervention; a more modest and rather unsuccessful attempt at dissuading foreign aid to Ukraine and …

The COVID-19 pandemic as well as the Russian invasion of Ukraine have had profound effects on the global energy …

Using both the onset of the US-China trade war in 2018 and the most recent Russia-Ukraine war and associated trade … significantly decreases their trade with these jurisdictions following sanctions, government-linked firms show a marked contrast. In … particular, government-linked firms actually significantly increase their trading activity following the onset of formal …

Russia after the invasion of Ukraine. 61% of respondents think that firms should exit Russia, regardless of the consequences …We survey a representative sample of the U.S. population to understand stakeholders' desire to see their firms exit …. Only 37% think that leaving Russia is a purely business decision. If a firm does not conform with these desires, 66% of the …