higher marriage rates for women and lower for men. Land abundance favored higher fertility. The demands of childcare … opportunities outside the home. Frontier women were less likely to report "gainful employment," but among those who did, relatively … more had high-status occupations. Together, these findings integrate contrasting narratives about frontier women …

paper explores the degree to which the role of education and marriage in women's labor supply decisions also changed over …During the late 1990s, the convergence of women's labor force participation rates to men's rates came to a halt. This … this time period. Specifically, this paper investigates women's decisions to exit the labor market upon the birth of a …