This paper uses a large language model to develop an ex-ante measure of the commercial potential of scientific findings. In addition to validating the measure against the typical holdout sample, we validate it externally against 1.) the progression of scientific findings through a major...

On October 11, 2011, a three-judge panel of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, in a 2-1 decision, issued an opinion affirming a decision of the US International Trade Commission (ITC) barring importation of a product made in China by a Chinese company using trade secrets...

We study the prevalence and traits of global collaborative patents for U.S. public companies, where the inventor team is located both within and outside of the United States. Collaborative patents are frequently observed when a corporation is entering into a new foreign region for innovative...