experiment based on the Obama administration's staggered introduction of open-access requirements for federally-funded research … and patent citations or by predicted probabilities of commercialization derived from deep-learning algorithms …

patent is a woman. Women-led research teams are 26 percent more likely to focus on female health outcomes. This link between … the gender focus of the scientist and the type of invention, in combination with the rise of women inventors, appears to …

. Difference-in-differences analyses compare changes in patenting by U.S. inventors in chemistry for research fields of German … émigrés to the United States with fields of other German chemists. This test suggests that U.S. invention increased by 31 … the patent histories of more than 500,000 U.S. inventors indicates that the émigrés arrival increased U.S. innovation by …

-ups with experienced inventors holding a patent at the time of receiving the first round of investment produce the largest …