In January 2005, the ban on tuition in Germany has been declared unlawful. As a result, many 'Lander' developed plans to introduce tuition fees as soon as possible. It is shown in this paper, that the impact of tuition is very different among states. The willingness to pay varies not only by...

Quality in Higher Education has become a primary agenda of the countries worldwide. In the context marked by expansion of higher education and globalization of economic activities, education has become a national concern in developing countries with an international dimension. To cope with this...

This paper evaluates the effects of public education expenditure on student enrollment in tertiary education. We use a cross-section of 132 countries to demonstrate that public expenditure on primary and secondary education positively affects tertiary enrollment rates, while the generosity of...

This chapter was written for a book published in India. The anticipated audience for this paper is generally for residents of India. Reading news reports and some academic commentary in India, I find that private higher education is very readily berated and dismissed. This is surprising to me,...

The reform of higher education in Russia, based on standardized tests and educational vouchers, was intended to reduce inequalities in access to higher education. The initiative with the vouchers has failed and by now is already forgotten while the national test is planned to be introduced...

Higher education in the U.S. may be characterized by complexity and plurality of forms. The Ivy League universities and those trying to replicate them, or so-called "wanna be" universities, coexist with numerous large public institutions, four-year colleges and community colleges. While the...