This paper first describes the educational system in Turkey and the two national examinations for advancing upper levels of schooling which give raise to the demand for private tutoring called "dersane" in Turkish. Second, the evolution of the Private tutoring Centers (PTC) are described and...

University tuition fees for undergraduates were abolished in Ireland in 1996. This paper examines the effect of this reform on the socio-economic gradient to determine whether the reform was successful in achieving its objective of promoting educational equality that is improving the chances of...

We estimate the effects on postsecondary education outcomes of the Kalamazoo Promise, a generous place-based college scholarship. We identify Promise effects using difference-indifferences, comparing eligible to ineligible graduates before and after the Promise's initiation. According to our...

As the costs of higher education rise, many communities have begun to adopt their own financial aid strategy: place-based scholarships for students graduating from the local school district. Some place-based scholarships impose merit- and/or need-based restrictions, while others require little...

A second round of monitoring the performance standards practiced by higher educational establishments has been completed in the Russian Federation. The very fact of such a monitoring having actually been launched is an indirect sign that licensing and accreditation procedures are applied...

Corruption in higher education is a newly emerging topic in the field of education research. Some aspects of corruption in education have been addressed in the resent works by Eckstein (2003), Hallak and Poisson (2002, 2007), Heyneman (2004, 2007, 2008), Noah & Eckstein (2001), Osipian (2007,...

Higher education corruption is an emerging sub-field of research that has yet to develop its terminological apparatus and own specific research methodologies. The interdisciplinary nature of this sub-field predetermines its dependency on other well-established fields, such as microeconomics,...

The private return to postsecondary investment varies widely by field, but the resources required by different fields are not well known. This paper establishes five new facts about college costs using novel department-level data. First, costs vary widely across field, ranging from electrical...

This paper examines the rate of return on higher education to first degrees, master's degrees, and PhDs in Malaysia using previously published data. The purposes of this research are to study and identify whether or not there is a direct link between tertiary education and wages. Barbara...

We estimate the increase in earnings from a law degree relative to a bachelor's degree for graduates who majored in different fields in college. Students with humanities and social sciences majors comprise approximately 47 percent of law degree holders compared to 23 percent of terminal...