The relationship between energy price dynamics and competitiveness is crucial in the transition to environmental and economic sustainability. On the one hand, rising energy prices may induce process innovations and increase mark ups, thereby intensifying competitiveness. On the other hand,...

This paper investigates the empirical link between emission intensity and economic growth, using a very large data set of 61,219 Italian manufacturing firms over the period 2000-2004. As a measure of lagged environmental performance (efficiency) at firm level we exploit NAMEA sector for CO2,...