This study examines what factors affect firms' decisions to adopt a proactive environmental strategy and whether pursuing proactive environmental strategies leads to improved financial performance. Using longitudinal data from 1990-2003 for the four most polluting industries in the U.S. (Pulp &...

We hypothesize that firms pursuing a proactive environmental strategy: (1) possess resources and capabilities not available to the other firms and (2) enjoy better financial performance subsequently. Using longitudinal data between 1990 and 2003 from the four most polluting industries in the...

We present evidence linking primary healthcare business characteristics, budgeting practices, and business performance. Based on a sample of 144 responses from a survey of members of the Australian Association of Practice Managers (AAPM), we find that factors identified by contingency-based...