More advanced technologies demand higher degrees of specialization - and longer chains of production connecting raw inputs to final outputs. Longer production chains are subject to a "weakest link" effect: they are more fragile and more prone to failure. Optimal chain length is determined by the...

More advanced technologies demand higher degrees of specialization - and longer chains of production connecting raw inputs to final outputs. Longer production chains are subject to a "weakest link" effect: they are more fragile and more prone to failure. Optimal chain length is determined by the...

The market of German property funds that revalue their real estate assets at least once a year can be subdivided by their legal structure into listed property companies, listed REITs, open-ended public funds and open-ended Spezialfonds. Unlike most other developed real estate markets, the German...