economies may adopt technologies embodied in imported hardware. Additionally, we link productivity and innovation output to … strongest performance return in the case of catching up to technological frontier. Product innovation is more beneficial than … process innovation in all performance features except for labor productivity. However, higher efficiency does not improve the …

and 2018 for 32 countries in Africa, to examine the causal relationship between firm productivity, innovation, and … financial development. We show evidence that firm innovation significantly and positively affects firm productivity. We also … show the mediating role of well-developed financial markets on productivity. In a well-developed financial market, the …

innovation and product innovation using the PLS-SEM technique. The data for this study is collected from 150 managers of … adaptation are positively and significantly related to process and product innovation. Indirect and total effects show that … managers' skills, technology adaptation, process innovation, and product innovation are positively and significantly related to …