We examine how corporate transparency and financing choices differ for family and non-family firms in the S&P 1500 Index. While transparency on average is better for firms in the S&P 500 Index than for firms in the S&P MidCap 400 and S&P SmallCap 600 indices, the improvement is much larger for...

We find credit line drawdowns are an important source of long-term finance for capital expenditures and acquisitions for all but the highest rated firms. Unrated and to a lesser extent intermediate-rated firms draw down credit lines most frequently when capital market conditions are unfavorable....

We examine how time-varying macroeconomic conditions affect firms' financing decisions. A principal components decomposition of several macroeconomic variables characterizes three phases of the business cycle relative to recessions: early recovery, robust recovery, and economic crest; a fourth...