importance of supply and demand shocks, which are interpreted as the fundamental driving forces of wheat price. To our knowledge … shocks differently, depending on the type of structural shock. We also show that the results obtained from Cholesy …

. We discuss implications for theoretical models and for policy responses to energy price shocks. …

directly observable, exogenous causes ("shocks") that ultimately account for change in the model. In nonstationary models, such … shocks accumulate so that variables have discernible trends. Econometricians have conceived of variables that trend in … cause. It is possible for estimates of the values of both the otherwise unobservable individual shocks and the otherwise …

paper analyzes how U.S. crop prices have responded to shocks in acreage supply; these shocks can be thought of as a shock to … the residual supply of corn for food. Using a structural vector auto-regression framework, we examine shocks to a crop …

terms of country-specific and euro area shocks, and a further split between supply and demand shocks. The four structural … shocks may all create asymmetries vis-à-vis the euro area. It appears that country-specific shocks are the main source of … growth or inflation divergence, rather than the distinct way in which acceding countries react to euro area shocks. But …

terms of country-specific and euro area shocks, and a further split between supply and demand shocks. The four structural … shocks may all create asymmetries vis-à-vis the euro area. It appears that country-specific shocks are the main source of … growth or inflation divergence, rather than the distinct way in which acceding countries react to euro area shocks. But …