We study the empirical effects of fiscal policy in Denmark since the adoption of a fixed exchange rate policy in 1982. We demonstrate that fiscal stimulus has a rather large impact on economic activity in the very short run, with a government spending multiplier of 1.3 on impact in our preferred...

Macroeconomists constructing conditional forecasts often face a choice between taking a stand on the details of a fully-specified structural model or relying on correlations from VARs and remaining silent about underlying causal mechanisms. This paper develops tools for constructing economically...