estimate the size of the COVID-19-related unemployment shock to be between 2 and 5 times larger than the typical unemployment … shock, depending on race and gender, resulting in a significant increase in mortality rates and drop in life expectancy. We … also predict that the shock will disproportionately affect African-Americans and women, over a short horizon, while the …

typical unemployment shock, depending on race/gender, resulting in a 3.0% increase in mortality rate and a 0.5% drop in life … expectancy over the next 15 years for the overall American population. We also predict that the shock will disproportionately …