Stearns, P. N. National character and European labor history.--Montgomery, D. The shuttle and the cross.--Sewell, W. H., Jr. The working class of Marseille under the Second Republic.--Tilly, C. The changing place of collective violence.--Hobsbawm, E. J. The labor aristocracy of...

This paper offers a review of recent literature regarding the take up of social programs in the U.S. and U.K. A few general conclusions are drawn: First, take up is enhanced by automatic or default enrollment and lowered by administrative barriers, although removing individual barriers does not...