Western Europe, but by lower employment rates in Eastern and Southern Europe …

Western Europe, but by lower employment rates in Eastern and Southern Europe …

Western Europe, but by lower employment rates in Eastern and Southern Europe …

Europe. There is a nonmonotonic relationship between smoking and income; among richer countries and people, higher incomes … are associated with less smoking. This can account for about one-fifth of the U.S./Europe difference. Almost one-half of …

Europe. There is a nonmonotonic relationship between smoking and income; among richer countries and people, higher incomes … are associated with less smoking. This can account for about one-fifth of the U.S./Europe difference. Almost one-half of …

Railways restructuring takes place under very different circumstances and with very different goals in Western Europe …, Central and Eastern Europe, and Russia. Observed improvements in productivity associated with vertical access and vertical … separation in Western Europe are not certain to be replicated following similar restructuring in transition economies, especially …

productivity (TFP) growth in a sample of 30 European economies for the period 1994-2005. In most of Western Europe, we find a … deceleration of TFP growth since 2000. However, the economies of New Europe exhibit a higher level of TFP growth overall and have … slowed less than those of Old Europe. In the new market economies of Central and Eastern Europe, we find both high TFP growth …