This paper applies the panel unit root test proposed by Im, Pesaran and Shin (1997) to test for unemployment hysteresis … in the US states and the EU countries against the alternative of a natural rate. The results show that hysteresis for the …

US. We ask whether entrepreneurship exhibits hysteresis, defined as a macro dynamic structure in which cyclical … fluctuations have persistent effects on the natural rate of entrepreneurship. We find evidence of hysteresis in Spain, but not the … article discusses implications of the findings for the design of entrepreneurship policies. -- Hysteresis ; unobserved …