"This paper explores similarities and differences between the run-up of oil prices in 2007-08 and earlier oil price shocks, looking at what caused the price increase and what effects it had on the economy. Whereas historical oil price shocks were primarily caused by physical disruptions of...

This paper is about the cycle of money comparing the case the cycle of money in the case that there exist all the magnitudes of cycle of money and the case that there are avoided the escaping savings, and the case that are avoided the enforcement savings. The same comparisons are made for the...