The current financial crisis affecting all sectors of the Lebanese economy became visible in a dollar liquidity shortage in the summer of 2019 that has since become acute with a political crisis since 17 October 2019. However, while the crystallization of the crisis is recent, the fragile...

Civil war is often caused by poverty, and further demolishes existing capital. Such a vicious circle is detrimental for economic development of countries experiencing civil war. Civil war may also contribute to creative destructions of traditional economic, social and political system, leading...