adopt new technologies, but also fundamentally threatened the national sovereignty of both Qing China and Tokugawa Japan. We …We provide a new framework to account for the diverging paths of political development and state building in China and … Japan during the second half of the nineteenth century. The arrival of Western powers not only brought opportunities to …

This paper examines the formation of property rights in Qing China and Tokugawa Japan with a focus on rice market … from Qing China and Tokugawa Japan, we find that with lower suppression capacity and high risks of domestic threat power … strategic resources. However, by the end of 18th century, Japan offered and well-carried legal property rights to rice market …

selection of ODA recipients. However, the Swedish case also supports the skeptical view according to which NGOs are unlikely to …

This study examines the formalization of banking supervision in Japan and Sweden that occurred in the decades around … main role in the formalization of supervision in either Japan or Sweden. Rather, the formalization was an incremental …

transmission of cultural values that have endured into the present and set the economic history of China apart from that of Europe …

to Japan are commonly exported from China. However, U.S. exports are different from China's exports in terms of quality …Are U.S. exports different from China's exports? If so, how? This paper attempts to answer this question, focusing on … the quality, variety, and overlap of their products. Using product-level manufacturing import data from Japan, I find that …

Analysis of Chinese aid programs in Africa shows repeated patterns from the Japanese aid programs in China that …