The character of procedures influences the adopted decisions and the ultimate effects of their implementation. Some procedures of decisionmaking are horizontal and stress consensus. Other procedures are vertical, stress advocacy and the open voicing of criticism. The central issue both in...

Over the last few years, worldwide mergers and acquisitions (M&A) have increased sharply both in terms of value and volume. This development has not only been driven by corporate acquirers but also to an increasing extent by private equity investors. In this paper, we analyze differences in...