franc and the Japanese yen vis-à-vis the US dollar before and after the introduction of the euro. Based on dynamic … with extreme economic episodes and, to a lower extend, with appreciations of the US dollar. Moreover, the euro (Deutsche … bank interventions, international portfolio diversification and currency risk management are then discussed. …

countries. The US productivity surge from the mid-1990s continued for years after the bursting of the dot-com bubble. In the … meantime, the EU-15's relative productivity stagnation continued. The sectoral perspective helps us better understand this …

changes and the uprating of monetary parameters, which allows us to measure the extent of fiscal drag and benefit erosion in …