We estimate the demand for transaction and non-transaction cash balances in Canada, Denmark, Iceland, Sweden and Norway … nevertheless show large differences in terms of aggregate cash balances. While Canada, Iceland and Denmark have seen increased … aggregate cash balances, Norway and especially Sweden have seen a dramatic decline. We find that transaction balances have …

to understand the high shares of low-value cash payments in Canada, France and Germany. Yet, they do not perform as well …Despite various payment innovations, today, cash is still heavily used to pay for low-value purchases. This paper … proposes a simulation model based on two optimal cash management and payment policies in the payments economics literature to …

simulations show that these two factors are significant determinants of the high shares of low-value cash payments in Canada …Despite various payment innovations, today, cash is still heavily used to pay for low-value purchases. This paper … develops a simulation model to test whether standard implications of the theory on cash management and payment choices can …

simulations show that these two factors are significant determinants of the high shares of low-value cash payments in Canada …Despite various payment innovations, today, cash is still heavily used to pay for low-value purchases. This paper … develops a simulation model to test whether standard implications of the theory on cash management and payment choices can …