Family background can influence offspring earnings in two ways: conditioning their educational attainments (indirect effect) and circumscribing their opportunities in the labour market, independently from their educational attainment (direct effect). In this paper, following a multi-steps...

"In this paper we propose a new approach to international comparisons of real GDP measured from the output-side. The traditional Geary-Khamis system to measure real GDP from the expenditure-side is modified to include differences in the terms of trade between countries. It is shown that this...

"Using a comprehensive database of firms in Western and Eastern Europe, we study how the business environment in a country drives the creation of new firms. Our focus is on regulations governing entry. We find entry regulations hamper entry, especially in industries that naturally should have...