-in-differences models that leverage within-individual and across-cohort variation in shooting exposure within matched school groups to … grade in the two years following the event. We also find adverse long-term impacts on the likelihood of high school … student and school characteristics indicate that the detrimental impacts of shootings are universal, with most sub …

-in-differences models that leverage within-individual and across-cohort variation in shooting exposure within matched school groups to … grade in the two years following the event. We also find adverse long-term impacts on the likelihood of high school … student and school characteristics indicate that the detrimental impacts of shootings are universal, with most sub …

the formation of public health policy. The paper compares England, Germany and Denmark who all adopted legislation on …After long trailing the American development on tobacco control, Europe has seen a big wave of public place smoking … bans in the past five years, beginning when Ireland took the plunge and banned all smoking in workplaces in 2004. Inspired …

Union countries (Austria, Croatia, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Portugal, Slovakia, and Slovenia). Based on student-level data … books at home and a variable combining the type and location of their school represent the most important predictors of … student performance in all of the analysed countries, while other school characteristics are rarely relevant. Econometric …

to estimate learning losses. It models the effect of school closures on achievement by predicting the deviation of the …