The purpose of this paper is to assess whether loss reserving adjustment exists in the UK general insurance industry … and, if so, what motivates managers to modify reserves. Our research shows that: insurers bias loss reserve accrual to … smooth income or to avoid triggering regulatory intervention; insurers underestimate loss reserves to avoid reporting small …

This paper examines whether and how banks adapt to long-run climate change. We show that banks increase their loan loss … loan loss provision sensitivity to climate change …

losses during episodes of extreme storms. Among different operational loss types, losses due to external fraud, BHCs' failure … policy …