data from the U.S. and Germany in structural VARs, we find that positive innovations to business uncertainty lead to … confidence innovations. Once we control for their low-frequency effect, we find little statistically or economically significant …

data from the U.S. and Germany in structural VARs, we find that positive innovations to business uncertainty lead to … confidence innovations. Once we control for their low-frequency effect, we find little statistically or economically significant …

aim of the paper is to find out whether the confidence channel is actually working between the US and Germany. This is …One channel of business cycle shock transmission which gained attraction only recently is the confidence channel. The … German producer confidence and the significance of asymmetric reactions is tested. The results show that there is a …

Consumer confidence indicators(CCI) serve as a veritable tool for providing useful information to policy makers …

by comparing CFS indicators of confidence and predicted confidence to ifo and ZEW indicators. The major contribution is …