Compared to using the variance of index returns, managing investment by the average of the variance of index components (AV) produces significant return and ratio performance improvements. AV managed investment in the market index takes less extreme leverage making it more practical and cheaper...

In this paper, we propose a stop-loss strategy to limit the downside risk of the well-known momentum strategy. At a stop-level of 10%, we find, with data from January 1926 to December 2013, that the maximum monthly losses of the equal- and value-weighted momentum strategies go down from -49.79%...