This paper argues that typical applications of panel unit root tests should take possible nonstationarity in the … volatility process of the innovations of the panel time series into account. Nonstationarity volatility arises for instance when … enjoyed by many industrialized countries, known as the `Great Moderation.' It also proposes a new testing approach for panel …

This paper argues that typical applications of panel unit root tests should take possible nonstationarity in the … volatility process of the innovations of the panel time series into account. Nonstationarity volatility arises for instance when … enjoyed by many industrialized countries, known as the "Great Moderation". It also proposes a new testing approach for panel …

Using annual panel data of 126 developing countries over the period from 1970 to 2016, this study investigates effects …

proposed. The expression for a modified likelihood function is obtained for estimation and inference in a fixed-T context …. Using a bias-corrected likelihood approach makes it possible to reduce the estimation bias to a term of order 1/T². The … calibrated to the data used in the empirical analysis, drawn from the 1968-1993 Panel Study of Income Dynamics. The empirical …