Momentum, size, and low volatility in emerging markets regularly exhibit increased correlations across factors and markets in periods of negative returns. I provide a framework to distinguish a unique source of risk from a set of factors in the stage of portfolio formation. The framework is...

In this paper we come up with an alternate theoretical proof for the independence and unbiased property of extreme value robust volatility estimator with respect to the standard robust volatility estimator as proposed in the paper by Muneer & Maheswaran (2018b). We show that the robust...