Internationally, the significance of consumer protection transpired beyond the national frontiers with the adoption of the United Nations Guidelines on Consumer Protection (UNGCP) in 1985. Ever since, there had been various contributions by scholars on the question of consumer rights and their...

This paper asks how countries can implement their commitments to limit the increase in the global average temperature under the recent Paris Agreement on Climate Change for agriculture. An initial examination of the relevant trade rules and case law indicates that they appear unable to legally...

The ongoing economic instability in several countries and regions throughout the world, along with the volatility of the market and job losses, has lead to an increase in protests that are currently reaching the highest possible levels of conflict against the so-called establishment....

This chapter discusses the basic obligations for national product safety regulations imposed by the TBT Agreement, and gives a general picture of the rules on technical standards that are applicable in the relations between China and its trading partners. The first section defines the scope of...

The ongoing economic instability in several countries and regions throughout the world, along with the volatility of the market and job losses, has lead to an increase in protests that are currently reaching the highest possible levels of conflict against the so-called establishment....

National environmental priorities, as well as international commitments to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases, have led to the increased use of ‘smart' energy taxation. In particular in OECD countries, States aim to encourage inter alia the use of renewable sources of energy, through a...

Among international organizations, the World Trade Organization (WTO) is widely credited with having the most effective dispute settlement system. Its highly developed dispute settlement system, which is one of the few in international law to include a standing appellate body, invites...

Generally speaking, each individual jurisdiction has adopted its own approach concerning the rules on the determination of the governing law applicable in proceedings in international matters. In the international practice, arbitral panels usually distinguish four relatively autonomous areas...

This Article probes the previously underexplored failure of the world trading rules to keep abreast with the global marketplace. It argues that the global trading system, despite its well-documented contribution to the spectacular expansion of postwar trade, has never in fact fully moved away...

Following the expiry, on 11 December 2016, of the second paragraph of Section 15(a) of China's Protocol of Accession to the WTO, importing WTO Members no longer find a legal basis in in Section 15 for using so-called non-market economy (NME) methodologies for determining the normal value of...