The paper brings out the pattern of notification of TBT measures under the WTO. While, using the WTO grouping of countries does put the developing countries, who are usually adopting international standards, as the largest yearly notifier since 2004. The pattern takes a completely different turn...

Export restrictions have been widely used by many countries in recent pasts to protect their domestic industries. In this paper, we estimated the short-run and long-run elasticity of the shrimps and tuna exports using the techniques of co-integration and error correction. We have also checked...

The world is facing an unprecedented health crisis in the form of COVID-19, which has had a profound effect on the global economy, trade, and the multilateral trading system. The event has single-handedly led to the adoption of economically challenging and stringent measures by Members, which in...

Since 1947 when the general agreement on tariff and Trade (GATT), a process initiated simple rules to govern the liberalisation of trade. The GATT from 1947 to 1994 has had eight rounds of negotiation, bringing mainly the commercial trade among the developed countries. More the five decades of...

The discussions on trade and environment began as early as 1971 under the GATT. The formation of WTO in 1995 reignited and furthered the focus on rulemaking and optimal use of the world’s resources towards sustainable development. After two decades in 2015 with the signing of sustainable...