States have become schizophrenic, accepting obligations one day, undoing them the next, committing themselves to do something and then coming back on their commitments, ratifying treaties which will soon be contradicted by another treaty signed in another international forum. The same States...

Can a WTO Member discriminate against foreign suppliers of services located in jurisdictions that refuse to share information with a government to permit it to determine if its nationals engage in tax evasion? Does it matter if the Member uses standards developed by an international body as the...

This chapter examines the historic and current policies and practices that have contributed to food insecurity in the global South. It analyzes the impact of international economic law on the patterns of trade and production that perpetuate food insecurity, and recommends concrete measures that...

Scholars and policymakers have long believed that the interdependence encouraged by trade relations encourages trust and peaceful relations. In this article, we examine the role of the GATT/WTO (and the trade it supposedly encourages) in conflict zones. We show that policymakers have used...

The relationship between human rights law and international trade law has been a point of discussion for many years. An explicit reference to human rights is nowhere to be found in the WTO Agreement, but the ruling of the Appellate Body in the EC-Tariff Preferences case has made an important...

Proponents of the TRIPS Agreement hold that IP rights qualify as human rights since they have moral standing and developmental value to assist the enjoyment of other rights. However, the author argues that IP rights take on protectionist trade implications and monopolistic ownership traits...

One of the main reproaches against the WTO is that it does not allow for the enforcement of human rights through trade measures. The article analyzes legal, economic and political aspects of trade sanctions and trade incentives respectively. Whereas the WTO legal order hardly permits trade...

This chapter discusses the provisions in the Canada-EU Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA) on the protection of labour and environmental standards and human rights. It first outlines the obligations of the parties to protect labour and environmental standards, human rights and...

Are economic, social and social, and cultural rights actually taken into account when arbitration or adjudicating bodies (panels or tribunals) seek to solve disputes arising under international economic law (IEL)? The term ‘human rights' is seldom applied in the substantive provisions of trade...

The paper examines some aspects of the relationship between trade liberalization and human rights. Whereas there are a lot of policy proposals to avoid the negative effects of trade liberalization on the human rights situation in WTO Member States, not all approaches are feasible to improve the...