This study examines pay differences between comparable workers in state and local governments and in private firms in the same state. Using a pooled sample of national census data (ACS 2001-2006), we test whether private/public pay differential exists at the state and local levels and whether...

Objective. We test whether the increasing tendency of women, blacks, and Latinos to study science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) is decreasing gender and race pay inequality in the federal civil service and the U.S. economy. Method. Using logit analysis on a one percent sample...

Using the U.S. Office of Personnel Management's Central Personnel Data File, the author shows that gender integration of occupations proceeded from 1976 through 1992 more rapidly and steadily in the federal civil service than in the general economy. During that period, increasing numbers of...