to decide on policies under different electoral rules and where voter preferences on policies can be precisely measured … electorate being the same in both chambers. Voter preferences are revealed in a large number of referenda. We causally identify … rules along three dimensions, all measured at the level of individual legislators: representation of revealed voter …

of life satisfaction than their compatriots asked the same calendar week but in years without elections. Once voting has …Elections constitute the essential element of democracy, yet surprisingly little is known about their immediate … to elections. While elections as a process allow citizens to contribute to democratic quality, they are also …

. The paper tests the hypothesis cross‐nationally, using data on all multiparty elections held in the world in the period … 1975 - 2010, and subnationally, using a new data set on subnational election results and oil production in Nigeria. Our …