expected net benefit from doing so. If this instrumental motive is relevant, then turnout should be higher in elections where … more is at stake. We test this prediction, by studying how turnout is affected by exogenous variation in governments …' financial flexibility to provide pork for their voters. By utilizing simultaneous elections for different offices, we identify a …

In this short note, we use data from different elections in the German state of North-Rhine Westphalia between 1975 and … 2010 to show that the social democrats generally profit from higher voter turnout at the expense of the conservatives. We … deal with the endogeneity of voter turnout by using election day rain as an instrumental variable. Our particular …

We review the efficacy of three approaches to forecasting elections: econometric models that project outcomes on the …. While the evidence for economic voting has historically been weak for Australia, the 2004 election suggests an increasingly …

probability before the election (Maskin and Tirole's "feedback" case). In the three-period case, with two elections, the dynamic …

, but the magnitude of this effect was small and statistically insignificant. In fact, non-voting appears particularly high …

economic inequality affects voting and other forms of political participation. This evidence is largely driven by advanced … initial theoretical predictions, we find evidence for a positive association between voter turnout and inequality in rural …. In line with prior theoretical expectations, we find a negative association between inequality and voting for the …