democracies with larger political polarization, may show a larger share of bad to good dynastic politicians, but not necessarily a … policies and the success of dynastic politicians. Electoral success of politicians depends on their ability to implement better … policies for the voters because campaign promises are empty. Good politicians are more likely to implement the policy that …

of female mayors substantially. The results are stronger in cities with a high pre-reform share of female politicians and … that direct election regimes ease the selection of competent politicians into office. …