This study proposes a direct estimation method for recovering subjective probability distributions from option prices. We find that the subjective cumulative distribution function and subjective statistics are represented as static portfolios composed of plain vanilla options. The portfolio...

This paper develops a new scheme for improving an approximation method of a probability density function, which is inspired by the idea in best approximation in an inner product space. Moreover, we applies “Dykstra's cyclic projections algorithm” for its implementation. Numerical examples...

This paper presents a new asset pricing model incorporating fundamental uncertainties by choice of a probability measure. This approach is novel in that we incorporate uncertainties on Brownian motions describing risks into the existing asset pricing model. Particularly, we show extensions of...